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Nonaqueous dispersions of graphene nanoplatelets (GrNPs) can be used to prepare thin films and coatings free of surfactants, but typically involve polar organic solvents with high boiling points and low exposure limits. Here we describe the mechanochemical exfoliation and dispersion of GrNPs in volatile aprotic solvents such as ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and acetone, which rank favorably in green solvent selection guides. GrNPs in powder form were exfoliated with solvent on a horizontal ball mill for 48 hours then sonicated at moderate power, to produce suspensions in excess of 300 µg/mL with minimum loss of dispersion stability over 7 weeks at room temperature. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) of individual particles indicate a median thickness and lateral width of 8‒10 layers and 180 nm, respectively. GrNP films can be deposited by conventional airbrush equipment with a dry time of seconds and applied as layers and coatings that enhance the reproducibility and performance of electronic devices. We demonstrate the utility of spray-coated GrNPs as contact layers for low-cost electrochemical sensing with improvements in intrabatch reproducibility, and as conformal coatings on metal heat sinks with enhanced rates of heat dissipation.more » « less
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A “lab‐to‐fab” transition is described that enables the semiautomated production of thin‐film potentiometric pH electrodes, designed for use in sterile single‐use bioreactors. Manual methods of materials deposition and film casting are replaced with spray coating on a moving web and the production of membranes with a programmable dispenser operating at constant rates. These provide a greater degree of control over membrane thickness and a reduction in voltage spread between electrodes, which are evaluated in batches using a multichannel analyzer. γ‐ray ionization of the pH electrodes introduces a predictable voltage drift that follows a log decay function on the day timescale; the voltage decay rate correlates with membrane thickness and can be modeled as a parallel diode–capacitor circuit. Batches of radiation‐sterilized pH electrodes are tested in cell culture media and yield mean pH values within 0.05 units relative to a commercial meter (ground truth) following a single‐point calibration protocol. Quantitative uncertainty analysis attributes more than half of total error to variations caused by ionizing radiation and yields novel insights into strategies for reducing uncertainty.more » « less
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